TECHtionary.com Thursday TECH-TIP - "IP Gets Wheels And Goes Roaming"

    /24-7PressRelease/ - Boulder, Colorado, June 02, 2005 - For example, in this tutorial there is an animation of one approach to a MVNO-Mobile Virtual Network Operator. There will certainly be others. - Roam-to-Home - cellular-to-WiFi SIP - Roam-to-Work - cellular to WiFi IP Centrex integration - Roam-to-Work Enterprise - cellular to IP or digital PBX - Roam-to-Other (campus, office park, military, port, etc.) - WiFi SIP to SMS-Multi-Media Messaging (text messaging), PTT-Push-To-Talk - Roam-to-HotZone - Cellular to public WiFi Hotspots

While 802.11 cover Layer 2-Data Link handovers, MIP-Mobile IP provides the Layer 3 Network handover. Depicted in the animated tutorial is IAPP-Inter-Access Point Protocol 802.11f which provides L2-Layer 2 - DataLink mobility of STA-Stations. L3-Layer 3 Network hand-off (transfers) are not specified in 802.11. Also, explained is MIP-Mobile IP using IPv6 to provide the Layer 3 Network handover. The nAR-new Access Router which provides the new CoA-Care of IP Address or NCoA from the old or oCoA. There are also LCoA-Link and R-CoA-Regional. Packets send to the MN are initially forwarded by the oAR-old Access Router to the nAR-new Access Router and simulcast to BOTH ARs after the oAR requests simulcasts and only to the nAR. This reduces network-layer handoff latency and packet loss but reduces MN access speed and additional signaling. IAPP-Inter-Access Point Protocol determines optimum path routing through auto-discovery. New WiFi sites can be added and all the sites determine optimum path routing through auto-discovery creating a dynamically scalable network. WiFi sites also determine alternate path routing. In the case of outage or interference, path redundancy and predictive path optimization make the system self-healing. As additional wireline transmission links are added (backhaul links via Local or metro-Ethernet, DSL-Digital Subscriber Line, cable modem, NMLI-Native Mode LAN Interconnection or other services.), the network can continue to optimize itself.

MIP Mobile IP Roaming State is defined as the IP Addressing Registration state provided to a MN-Mobility Neighborhood which provides constant connectivity to the MN-Mobile Node during its connection (referred to as a MP-Mobility Pattern - RF-Radio Frequency connection) in the cell. A MN-Mobility Neighborhood is defined as a set of geographically adjacent coverage areas referred to as IP Cells. A MN-Mobile Node is identified CC-Current Cell while the surrounding cells are referred to as NC-Neighboring Cells. The set of AR-Access Routers connecting a set of cells or AP-Access Points is defined as a RN-Routing Neighborhood depicted above. AP-Access Points are connected to AR-Access Routers and then to NR-Network Routers which is depicted in the animated tutorial. Auto discovery of the MNV-Mobile Network Vector - RNV-Router Neighborhood Vector is based on CAT-Coverage Area Tuples. CATs identifies coverage capabilities is a formulate such as CATcellx = Rx(cell radius) (APtype(LongitudexLatitude) + other AR-Access Router features. The tuple (extension) can be advertised to other Access Routers to provide proactive vertical handoffs (look ahead routing). On receipt of a router announcement, the MN-Mobile Node checks its RNI-Router Network Index address prefix against any existing IP roaming state. If there is not match within its roaming state cache memory, the MN, upon receiving IP access, provides the NEW AR-Access Router with a unicast RNV-Router Neighborhood Vector message along with coverage area capabilities. Upon receipt of RNV message, NEW AR sends a unicast message to other AR in the MN-Mobility Neighborhood which can modify/delete their route lists. Upon receipt of RNV message, NEW AR sends a unicast message to other AR in the MN-Mobility Neighborhood which can modify/delete their route lists called an RNI-Routing Neighbor Index. The converged mobility routing state within an AR of the routing neighborhood comprises the TMM-Tentative Mobility Matrix enabling mobility-next hop routing in that routing neighborhood both RNI and TMM are depicted in this tutorial. The converged (convergence is when a router that has reached agreement on its internal routing tables including next-hop router) mobility routing state within an AR-Access Router. This routing neighborhood comprises the TMM-Tentative Mobility Matrix enabling mobility-next hop routing in that routing neighborhood depicted here.

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